Prevent the environmental pollution arising from production and life activities, including “three wastes” (wastewater, waste gas, waste residue), dust and radioactive substance, as well as noise, vibration, stink and electromagnetic wave radiation caused by industrial production, noxious gas, liquid, noise due to transportation activities, pollutants caused by marine transport, hazardous and toxic chemicals used for industrial and agricultural production and people’s life, and pollution arising from smoke, sewage, rubbish, etc. of the town; prevent the environmental disruption arising from construction and development activities, covering the environmental pollution and disruption caused by engineering construction, including large-scale hydraulic project, railway, arterial road, large-scale port and pier, airport and large-scale industrial project, and environmental disruption and impact caused by agricultural reclamation and polderization, development of offshore oilfield, coastal zone and marshland, and exploitation of forest and mineral resources, and environmental disruption, pollution and impact caused by setting and construction of new towns; protect the natural environment that has special value, including rare species and their habitats, special natural historical sites, geologic phenomena, geomorphologic landscape, etc. for which effective protection should be provided. In addition, the environmental protection also involves urban-rural planning, control of water and soil loss and desertization, afforestation, control of population growth and distribution, reasonable allocation of productive forces, etc.